doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.89780 318 KistemakerLEvan OsRPDethmers-AusemaABosISHylkemaMNvan den BergeMet al
Average estradiol(nM) Average Hcy(muM) Menstruating women 0.44 1.29 Women using OCPs 0.16 1.57 Men 0.09 1.80 As one can see in Table 3, women using oral contraceptives have higher homocysteine than menstruating women, but not as high as men
One way of ensuring the glutathione remains effective is to bind it to an acetyl group which prevents it from being oxidised by gut enzymes
doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00480.x
These metabolic states appear to be related to the divergent functions of FoB and MZB, which have been documented in numerous studies 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14
One study on glutathione 1200mg IV twice weekly for six weeks found a benefit over placebo for skin lightening, but these benefits faded after six months